Genetics And Seasonal Affective Disorder

Its striking to me the number of diseases and conditions that researchers are proving to have a strong genetic component.  The results of a recent research study were published today highlighting the newly discovered genetic component to seasonal affective disorder, more commonly known as SADS.  Seasonal depression disorder is a poorly understood condition, in which certain individuals experience emotional swings in a pattern consistent with the changing seasons.  I know people who experience the fall/winter version of SADS, but until reading about the condition, was unfamiliar with the fact that it can also be experienced by individuals in the spring/summer months.  Fall/winter SADS gives symptoms typically associated with depression, while spring/summer SADS yields symptoms are more akin to anxiety disorders.  According to the authors, approximately 6% of the U.S. population appears to be affected.

Genetics and Seasonal Affective Disorder

Researchers now suspect there is a link between genetics and seasonal affective disorder.  It has been found that individuals carrying two copies of a genetic mutation linked to the production of melanopsin were at substantially higher risk of SADS.  Melanopsin is a photopigment found in the eye that is thought to be responsible for non-visual responses to light (i.e. circadian rhythms).  The thought is that an underproduction of melanopsin reduces the response to light, leading to emotional distress.  Since previous work has suggested that a person’s circadian rhythm may be one factor that influences their risk of SADS, the finding is consistent with previous research.  Like many depressive disorders, SADS is thought to have a strong familial component, and sufferers living in northern areas are at greater risk.

Fortunately, I don’t suffer from this condition.  But the people that I know who suffer from seasonal depression can confirm that it is a very real, and can be debilitating.  If you find yourself struggling, see your doctor.  The possible existence of a genetic explanation is of interesting academic interest, and may one day lead to new treatment options.  But for those suffering from this seasonal depression disorder, please seek help.  Just as with any illness, treatment options are available.

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